Possible Approaches in Counseling People Dealing With Bereavement Article

Potential Approaches in Counseling People Dealing With Bereavement - Article Example Demise isn't a secret to the individuals who have kicked the bucket. The individuals living are the ones who battle to discover importance in it. As far back as 60,000 years prior, ancient individuals watched uncommon functions when covering their dead. Numerous early societies accepted that individuals kept on existing after death and had similar requirements that they did throughout everyday life; subsequently they covered their friends and family with food, dishes, weapons, and gems. A few religions, for example, Christianity, accept that the dead will rise once more; to them, the internment of the body is representative, similar to the planting of a seed in the earth to anticipate resurrection. Numerous Eastern religions share the conviction that demise denotes the end just of physical presence and of the restricted perspective on reality that people can get a handle on. Demise itself is a remote involvement with most lives today, something that happens off-stage in a medical clinic or nursing-home. In prior occasions, passing on was a substantially more noticeable piece of day by day living. Families, companions, and other friends and family in a network would partake in thinking about those toward the finish of life (Schulz et al., 27 June 2001) Most passings happened at home, frequently following a short ailment and unaffected by the restricted clinical consideration accessible. Today, the way toward passing on nearly has gotten undetectable, yet it despite everything calls torment among the friends and family left (Bern-Krug et al., February 2001). Adapting to misfortune is a procedure with an individual course, tem... There are other people who profit by, and still other people who keep on needing the support of, qualified psychotherapists in standing up to the void left by death. There is no single perfect time point for helpful mediation. As rehearsed today, loss advising is an important and non-criticizing technique for helping the deprived who experience issues entering, navigating or leaving the distress and grieving procedure. Survey of Literature From the beginning of time, various scholars and analysts have explained their perspectives on what comprises the dispossessed state and its related activities, especially since 1970. The most punctual conceptualizations was finished by Freud (1957), where he related it to misfortune circumstance explicit burdensome disorder, and he talked about compensation of cathected or contributed energies, especially those of id beginning. Later plans bore the sign of connection hypothesis establishing, wherein the messed up bond with the lost article/individual is the subject and object of an all inclusive psychosocial process prompting possible compromise of agonizing emotions and reattachment to life, living and, for a few, even new connections. Colin Murray Parkes (1972) likewise refered to shame and hardship as key highlights of the mourning experience. These creators put together their discoveries to a great extent with respect to investigations of widows in Britain, Australia, and North America. A large number of these fundamental takes a shot at loss achieved a direct stage model of movement to some better state post-misfortune. Models incorporate the advocated perspectives on Elisabeth Kbler-Ross (1969), who composed of development from refusal, through resentment, to bartering, at that point to sorrow, lastly to acknowledgment. This frequently distorted and abused depiction none the less has

Free Essays on Midevil

We know next to no of the initial a few hundred years of the Anglo-Saxon, or English, time, fundamentally on the grounds that the intruders were an uneducated people. In this paper I will talk about their warband history and why their lives were loaded with fights and extraordinary stories. Our most punctual records of them are minimal more than profoundly imaginative arrangements of rulers. We realize that they built up discrete realms, the Saxons settling in the south and west, the Angles in the east and north, and the Jutes on the Isle of Wight and the terrain inverse. They most likely idea of themselves as discrete people groups, yet they shared a typical language and comparable traditions. Today we realize that the Anglo-Saxons set the establishments on which the English country created. Despite ceaseless inner fighting, they based upon those establishments and built up a high level of human progress. At the point when the Anglo-Saxons showed up in Britain in the fifth and sixth hundreds of years, they found that the greater part of the towns worked by the Romans had fallen into ruins. The early Anglo-Saxons lived in little settlements comprising of only a few families and a couple of structures. Afterward, settlements developed into towns and modest communities. Old English Saxon culture isn't entirely different from society today. Thanes were rebuffed for being traitorous, similarly as there are ramifications for overstepping laws. They additionally had religion in their lives, which is much increasingly clear today. Their concentration in life was to pick up acclaim from their boldness, similarly as each small kid today needs to be well known. The Anglo-Saxons established frameworks that have been based upon after some time and are presently structures. An Anglo-Saxons life typically based itself around a ruler and their religion. That’s why religion and war were such enormous pieces of their history. To comprehend their contemplations on fighting one must comprehend there sees on life. In Beowulf, Burton Raffel depicts numerous parts of Anglo-Saxon way of life, particularly the significance of weaponry, ladies' r... Free Essays on Midevil Free Essays on Midevil We know next to no of the initial a few hundred years of the Anglo-Saxon, or English, time, principally on the grounds that the intruders were an unskilled people. In this paper I will talk about their warband history and why their lives were loaded with fights and extraordinary stories. Our most punctual records of them are minimal more than profoundly imaginative arrangements of rulers. We realize that they set up isolated realms, the Saxons settling in the south and west, the Angles in the east and north, and the Jutes on the Isle of Wight and the territory inverse. They presumably thought of themselves as independent people groups, yet they shared a typical language and comparative traditions. Today we realize that the Anglo-Saxons set the establishments on which the English country created. Notwithstanding nonstop inward fighting, they based upon those establishments and built up a high level of human progress. At the point when the Anglo-Saxons showed up in Britain in the fifth and sixth hundreds of years, they found that a large portion of the towns worked by the Romans had fallen into ruins. The early Anglo-Saxons lived in little settlements comprising of only a few families and a couple of structures. Afterward, settlements developed into towns and humble communities. Old English Saxon culture isn't very different from society today. Thanes were rebuffed for being traitorous, similarly as there are ramifications for overstepping laws. They likewise had religion in their lives, which is considerably progressively clear today. Their concentration in life was to pick up notoriety from their grit, similarly as each small kid today needs to be well known. The Anglo-Saxons established frameworks that have been based upon after some time and are presently structures. An Anglo-Saxons life typically based itself around a ruler and their religion. That’s why religion and war were such huge pieces of their history. To comprehend their contemplations on fighting one must comprehend there sees on life. In Beowulf, Burton Raffel depicts numerous parts of Anglo-Saxon way of life, particularly the significance of weaponry, ladies' r... Free Essays on Midevil The Personality of War We know next to no of the initial a few hundred years of the Anglo-Saxon, or English, period, basically in light of the fact that the intruders were an ignorant people. In this paper I will examine their warband history and why their lives were brimming with fights and incredible stories. Our most punctual records of them are minimal more than exceptionally imaginative arrangements of rulers. We realize that they set up independent realms, the Saxons settling in the south and west, the Angles in the east and north, and the Jutes on the Isle of Wight and the territory inverse. They presumably thought of themselves as discrete people groups, however they shared a typical language and comparative traditions. Today we realize that the Anglo-Saxons set the establishments on which the English country created. Regardless of consistent interior fighting, they based upon those establishments and built up a high level of human advancement. At the point when the Anglo-Saxons showed up in Britain in the fifth and sixth hundreds of years, they found that the greater part of the towns worked by the Romans had fallen into ruins. The early Anglo-Saxons lived in little settlements comprising of only a few families and a couple of structures. Afterward, settlements developed into towns and unassuming communities. Old English Saxon culture isn't entirely different from society today. Thanes were rebuffed for being unfaithful, similarly as there are ramifications for violating laws. They likewise had religion in their lives, which is significantly increasingly evident today. Their concentration in life was to pick up notoriety from their valiance, similarly as each little youngster today needs to be renowned. The Anglo-Saxons established frameworks that have been based upon after some time and are currently structures. An Anglo-Saxons life generally based itself around a ruler and their religion. That’s why religion and war were such huge pieces of their history. To comprehend their contemplations on fighting one must comprehend there sees on life. In Beowulf, Burton Raffel depicts numerous parts of Anglo-Saxon way of life, particularly the import...

Product Life Cycle Of Cadbury Dairy Milk

Item Life Cycle Of Cadbury Dairy Milk Cadbury chocolates was begun in Birmingham in 1824 by John Cadbury. Chocolate in those days was a very elitist item. Cadbury Dairy Milk concocted the blend of milk and chocolate plate which is basically how the item despite everything is. There has been no exceptional change in the formula of the item yet the bundling and the portrayal and conspicuousness of the glass and half of milk logo has changed over some stretch of time. Cadbury India started its activities in 1948 by bringing in chocolates and afterward re-pressing them before appropriation in the Indian market. Today, Cadbury has five organization claimed producing offices at Thane, Induri (Pune) and Malanpur (Gwalior), Bangalore and Baddi (Himachal Pradesh) and 4 deals workplaces (New Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkota and Chennai). Its corporate office is in Mumbai.Worldwide, (http://www.iloveindia.com/economy-of-india/top-50-organizations/cadbury-india.html) A Timeline: 1904â another formula is consummated by George Cadbury for milk chocolate. 1905â Cadbury dispatches Dairy Milk onto the market another milk chocolate that contains unmistakably more milk than anything recently tasted and with a one of a kind velvety taste. 1913â Dairy Milk becomes Cadburys top rated line. Mid 1920sâ Dairy Milk becomes UK brand pioneer a position it despite everything appreciates today. 1928â Fruit Nut is presented as a variety of Dairy Milk. The glass and a half publicizing trademark is presented. 1933â WholeNut is added to the Dairy Milk family. 1948â Cadbury Dairy Milk is sold in India 1998â Dairy Milk is re-propelled with the new and current pack plan, yet its formula and one of a kind taste are still fundamentally the same as the first formula. 2005â Cadbury Dairy Milk commends its 100th birthday celebration. (http://www.innovation.cadbury.com/allaboutus/ourbrands/featurebrands/Pages/CadburyDairyMilk2.aspx?TabIndex=1) Brand Identity : Kapferers model Stage in the Product Life Cycle Cadbury Dairy Milk is in the development phase of the item Life cycle. It presently has a piece of the overall industry of 70% in the chocolate advertise and is route in front of its rivals. There is a high level of brand mindfulness. The shading purple and the glass and half full logo is among the most perceived logos and the relationship of the two with Cadbury Dairy Milk is equivalent. Market Scenario/Challenges As per AC Nielson investigation of 2007: Realities Figures The Indian Chocolate advertise is evaluated to beat around 1500crores. It is developing at the pace of 18-20% per annum With 72% of the piece of the overall industry in India, Cadbury is the market head. Organizations The 2 principle rivals in the Indian market that Cadbury faces any opposition from are Nestle and Amul. There are a few new and nearby brands like Candico, Sweet World and so forth which are attempting to make its quality felt. Buyer Trends The Mithaai or sweet has been the custom in India up until this point. Chocolates are noow attempting to break into that group and thus faces firm rivalry more from this item classification than its prompt rivals. Chocolates are a greater amount of a spur of the moment purchase. Shoppers are favoring chocolates to Mithaai in light of appropriate bundling, longer time span of usability, mid-run evaluating and accommodation. Shoppers have begun indicating enthusiasm for milk chocolates as well as different assortments like Dark Chocolate and so on. One of the significant difficulties that Cadbury Dairy Milk faces is a decrease in deals because of new variations being presented in the market by different brands which could bring about the item moving from development to decay stage. Another significant test originates from an alternate item class inside and out which is the Indian Sweets or Mithaai. Steps taken by brand at each stage-at a correspondence and item level Presentation Cadbury Dairy Milk publicizing has constantly portrayed a rich embroidered artwork of human feelings and connections. During the 1980s, it was situated as the ideal articulation of affection, caught in significant duplicate: some of the time Cadbury can say it superior to words. During the early1990s, Cadbury Dairy Milk stressed its universal personality, imparting that it was the genuine taste of chocolate. In 1994 came the way breaking genuine taste of life battle. The promotion including a lady running on the cricket field praising the triumph is still emphatically scratched in our brain even today. This battle made a sensational move in the manner chocolates were seen. Cadbury Dairy Milk has progressively gotten caught as a prize or pay off for youngsters and this battle unshackled the brand by re-situating it to the free-kid in each grown-up. Cadbury Dairy Milk re-imagined itself as the ideal articulation of unconstrained, shared positive sentiments, giving the genuine taste of life experience. The technique paid off: Brand Cadbury developed by over half in deals volumes. (Super brands) Development At that point in 1998, the following phase of development for the brand managed promoting utilization in a social setting, particularly in progressively conventional settings like weddings. With the battle Khaanein waallon ko khaanein ka bahana chahiye including Cyrus Broacha, Cadbury Dairy Milk planned to considerably build entrance levels. The battle was propelled couple with the honor winning Kuchh khaas haicampaign and the media methodology was to let the two exist together towards a typical vision: A Cadbury in each pocket. The brand infiltrated into littler towns and deals volumes developed by 40% (Source: Internal Sales Data). (Super brands) Emergency Management The worm contention came about in Cadburys brand picture getting hammered. They needed to review a bunch of chocolates. Rather than taking any momentary measures, Cadbury utilized this chance to make a move and reconstruct the trust of individuals. They propelled an undertaking Vishwas which instructed retailers and wholesalers on capacity and different angles separated from teaching shoppers. The other significant advance was to change the bundling. The companys repackaging exercise, which utilized a blend of bundling innovations, was uncommon in the class. With the overhauled bundling set up, the organization chose to impart the measures it had taken to defend quality norms. To add validity to its pitch, Cadbury took plan of action to Amitabh Bachchans profound baritone. This was the first occasion when that a big name was utilized to underwrite Cadbury Dairy Milk. The business did miracles to purchaser certainty. A progression of promotions with Bachchan including Pappu Paas ho Gaya to Miss Palampur brought back the lost believability of the individuals. With Bachchan they additionally propelled their new situating of Kuch Meetha Ho Jaaye acquiring the convention of praising a blissful event in India with desserts and now Cadbury Dairy Milk specifically. Development The concentration for a period moved to taking the idea of Kuch Meetha Ho Jaaye further. The Pehli Tareekh Hai battles discussed the significance of having Dairy Milk and celebrating on getting your compensation on pay-day. The advertisements had an extremely retro-feel to it and clicked with the crowd. Yet, it is the ongoing string of Shubh Aarambh advertisements that have brought back the old appeal of Cadbury Dairy Milk with its extremely intriguing knowledge of blending the conventional with the new age. Synopsis Cadbury Dairy Milk has adjusted to the Indian market astonishingly. From making a sweet eating country to change to chocolates to turning into the market chief, Cadbury Dairy Milk has done everything as a result of the passionate interface it built up with the buyers. Its correspondence additionally constantly centered around the passionate angles and sentiments of life separated from suddenness. Its correspondence has consistently displayed its qualities and character. As I would see it, the Kuch Meetha Ho Jaaye idea is a goldmine which can be utilized in an assortment of routes in a nation like India.

A Critique of “Uncovering the Past The Role of Dust Imagery in A ROSE FOR EMILY” - Literature Essay Samples

Aubrey Binders â€Å"Uncovering the Past: The Role of Dust Imagery in a Rose For Emily† explains that the motifs of dust and decay are very important and prominent in Faulkners story. Binder’s arguments for the motifs are strong, especially for the motif of dust. However, her article provides very little literary evidence for the motif of decay. While I agree with Binder’s motif of dust, I don’t agree with her arguments for the motif of decay, and I believe that the motif of pity would better fit the text. Binder’s motif of dust is heavily supported in the text. She believes that the dust covering the objects and people in Emily’s home represents the obscuring of past events. She makes it very apparent that the dust does not change or erode the past, it simply hides it. (Binder 5) The dust provides ambiguity which helps to keep the townspeople clueless about whats really going on inside Emily’s home. To support this statement, Binder points out that Homer Barrons body was covered in an â€Å"even coating of the patient and biding dust.† This quote exemplifies how the dust really conceals parts of Emily’s life from the townspeople. When the townspeople found Homer’s body, its like the dust was being brushed away, revealing the truth of the past. The dust shows how events from the past are sometimes discovered, so the dust does not make Emily invincible from outside presence. The dust is brushed away and the past is revealed, altering Miss Emilyà ¢â‚¬â„¢s life several times throughout the text. Binder provides an example of this when the government officials come to Miss Emily and tell her that she owes taxes to the town. When the officials enter Miss Emily’s home, they disturb the dust and uncover the fact that Emily does owe taxes to the town. However, Emily, disliking change, held onto Colonel Sartoris’ involved story that made her exempt from taxes. Binder also states that other elements that arent actual events in the story also are affected by the dust. Binder uses the example of the continuous influence of Emily’s father even after his death. â€Å"The house filled with dust and shadows† is a quote from the text that shows how Emily’s father influenced her life. He left her with a very small amount of money, and no husband because of his strict standards. Emily’s father made her unavailable to be wed, Binder links the psychological damage that her father inflicted on her to Homer’s murder. Emily murdered Homer so that he could never leave her. This idea was supported by the following quote from the text, â€Å"and we all knew that with nothing left, she would have to cling to that which had robbed her, as people will.† Emily clinged onto Homer because he was the only thing she had left. Binder claims that decay is a strong motif in this short story,however she hardly even mentions decay in her review. Binder states that, â€Å"The reader finds descriptions of decay in the slow degrading of the town, Emily’s inherited home, and even in the aging Emily herself.† After she describes how decay could be a motif, she goes on to explain the motif of dust but never revisits decay. The rest of Binder’s review is about how dust affected â€Å"A Rose for Emily.† Binder makes the very common literary mistake of not providing enough evidence from the text. She jumps to the conclusion that because Miss Emily and her house seem to be decaying that decay a major motif of this story. When really, the decay is more of a description about the setting and Miss Emily herself rather than a motif. A possible motif that is well supported by literary evidence is the motif of pity and it actually plays an important role in this story. Binder touches on the topic of how the townspeople feel sorry for Emily, but she is doesn’t talk about how very important their pity is. The townspeople were always slightly pitious to the Grierson’s because of how highly they believed themselves to be, when in reality they were not. The townspeople really pitied Emily after her father died. â€Å"At last they could pity Miss Emily. Being left alone, and a pauper, she had become humanized†¦Ã¢â‚¬  When her father died, she refused to give the body up the until they threatened to use force. â€Å"We did not say she was crazy then. We believed she had to do that.† The townspeople didn’t believe that she was crazy because they knew that her relationship with her father was the only real relationship she had, so when she lost her father the townspeople felt sorry for he r. After her father’s death, the town officials remitted her taxes, but to evade the obvious charity of the act, Colonel Sartoris created a story about how Emily’s father loaned money to the town and that remitting Emily’s taxes was the towns way of repaying the loan. Another example to support the motif of pity is when Emily visits the druggist to buy some arsenic, claiming it was for killing rats. Many of the townspeople suspected that Emily was going to use the poison to kill herself, but they thought it would be ‘the best thing.† Binder’s article, â€Å"Uncovering the Past: The Role of Dust Imagery in a Rose For Emily† is very well thought out and really captures the story, â€Å"A Rose for Emily.† Her motif of dust is supported with textual evidence and is crucial to the story. The dust in Faulkners story symbolizes the secrecy of Emily’s life and the unveiling of those secrets. I disagree about her arguments for decay. The element of decay is only a description in the story, however, the motif of pity is well supported by literary evidence and is a crucial element to the story. Binder, Aubrey. Uncovering The Past: The Role Of Dust Imagery In A ROSE FOR EMILY. Explicator 70.1 (2012): 5-7. MasterFILE Elite. Web. 22 Sept. 2016.

The Rise Of Internet And Social Media - 911 Words

Main body The twenty first century has seen a huge rise in the power and use of digital communication compared to previous decades; we undoubtedly now live in a digital world, but at what cost? What if any are the implications of this fast paced and ever changing technology on society as a whole? It’s hard for people today to imagine a world without email or mobile phones, or Facebook and Twitter, or to imagine the days when to speak to someone meant having to write a letter or send a telegram. We use email with such frequency one could argue that postage stamps will soon be obsolete. We are now able to access and share information in a way that previous generations would never have thought possible. Since the unveiling of the World Wide Web in 1991 the rise of the internet and social media have undoubtedly changed the way we communicate and maintain relationships. It is perhaps this advancement in technology that not only still allows us to communicate (albeit more efficiently) but more importantly that it allows us to communicate and stay connected. Whether it’s on a mobile phone while we’re on the move, online networking with contacts around the globe and/or commenting on blog posts – and contributing comments - posted by learned folk. We are now connecting to people who have this technology available to them across every social boundary, both individually and in communities. Technology has already, permanently and irreversibly changed the way we communicate with eachShow MoreRelatedThe Rise Of The Internet And Social Media974 Words   |  4 Pagesthe heart of marketing, the core function is to create and deliver value to the consumer. The rise of the int ernet has seen the rise of the global consumer. 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Credibility and Trustworthiness of Qualitative Research †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Credibility and Trustworthiness of Qualitative Research. Answer: Introduction: The participation rate of male and female employees in context of Taxi Drivers has been well defined in Australian Taxi Industry Association(ATIA, 2014). According to ATIA engagement of women in Taxi Driving Industries has decreased due to some social reasons but there are some cab service providing companies that are providing employment to females. This study will analyze the functionality of Uber Technologies Inc. which is one of the largest cab service provider companies(Week, 2018). Uber Technologies Inc. (Uber) is a technology start-up that provide services of sharing rides by enabling a link between individual service providers (drivers) with the help of an application. Business of Uber has extended its activities in more than 250 cities of 57 countries. Ubers more appraisable step is to employ female taxi drivers for riding services. Since womens safety is the major issue and while travelling by a taxi, it is more important to ensure that the driver of the taxi is trustable and well behaved. Along with this, considering female drivers also indicates a step towards women empowerment and changing of social attitudes. Uber is continuously looking for new ways to increase the participation of female drivers by providing better career opportunities and good working atmosphere(Uber, 2018) This Project aims at detailed and precise indicators on the employment of women as a Taxi Driver, and analysing the factors affecting the participation of female taxi drivers in Australia in comparison to male taxi drivers. Objectives of this project are(Ary, Jecobs, Irvine, Walker, 2018). To find out the current rate of female employees in the organization. To find out factors affecting the Participation of female taxi drivers. To examine the effects of increasing share of female taxi drivers. To frame strategies for increasing the womens share in the company. To precisely examine the factors affecting the women employment in cab services of Uber Technologies Inc. and to suggest strategies for increasing the share of female employees, this study has chosen mix methodology to cover all important aspects of the study(Bryman Bell, 2015). Literature Review- According to Booth, Sutton and papaioannou (2016) introducing female taxi drivers is one of the most admirable step towards women empowerment.(Booth, Sutton, Papaioannou, 2016). Further as per the view of Azoirn and Cameron (2010) this step was proved successful to an extent but not in desirable state (Azorin Cameron, 2010). Data collection- Secondary data for the research will be collected from authorised website and legal government sources. Sources of data will be official website of Uber Technologies Inc., reports of taxi association, journal articles and other reports (Cope, D.G., 2014). Interviews- to facilitate the results after analysing the secondary data, this case study will also involve the interviews of female taxi drivers and the superior authorities of the company. This information will also be helpful in finding the ways to increase the number of share of female employees at the workplace. It will also help in finding out the opinion of the service receiver or customers. A set of question will be prepared for sharing the feedback of customers with male and female taxi drivers(Taylor, Bogdan, Vault, 2015). As talked about the case, this study will majorly use secondary data sources from the Australian Taxi Industry Association and previous trends of Uber Technologies Inc. It will be easy to understand as well as quickly be available online. Specifically data based on working atmosphere of the company, rules regarding female employment, availability of required flexibility and facilities, remuneration policies and professional requirement will be collected from website and annual reports of the company. After collection of appropriate information related data, it will be crossed checked with the current figures and scenarios with the help of current news published on its website. After cross-checking all information such as facility structure, measures of safety at workplace, organizational characteristics in context to female employment will be organized and then relation among the same will be analyzed on the basis of correlation analysis(Silverman, 2016). References Ary, D., Jecobs, L. C., Irvine, C. K., Walker, D. (2018). Introduction to Research in Education. Cengage Learning. Retrieved April 3, 2018 ATIA. (2014, December). Taxi Statistics. Retrieved April 3, 2018, from Australian Taxi Industry Association: to Australian Taxi Industry Association Azorin, M. J., Cameron, R. (2010). The Application of Mixed Methods in Organisational Research: A Literature Review. Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods, 8(2), 95-105. Retrieved April 3, 2018 Booth, A., Sutton, A., Papaioannou, D. (2016). Systematic Approaches to a Successful Literature Review (2nd ed.). Sage Publications Ltd. Retrieved April 3, 2018 Bryman, A., Bell, E. (2015). Business Research Methods (4th ed.). Oxford University Press. Retrieved April 3, 2018 Cope, D. G. (2014, January). Methods and meanings: credibility and trustworthiness of qualitative research. InOncology nursing forum(Vol. 41, No. 1) Silverman, D. (2016). Qualitative Research (4th ed.). Sage Publications l. Retrieved April 3, 2018 Taylor, S. J., Bogdan, R., Vault, M. D. (2015). Introduction to Qualitative Research Methods: A Guidebook and Resource (Vol. 2). John Wiley Sons. Retrieved April 3, 2018 Uber. (2018). Driver-partner requirements. Retrieved April 3, 2018, from https://www.uber.com/en-AU/drive/requirements/ Week, B. B. (2018). Company Overview of Uber Technologies, Inc. Retrieved April 3, 2018, from https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=144524848

Opinions and Social Pressure free essay sample

Asch in his essay â€Å"Opinions and Social Pressure† conducted an experiment to determine effects of group pressure towards an individual and concluded that there is a very strong tendency to conformity even when doing so conflicting with their own senses of morality. In the experiment a group of young students have to compare length of lines on two different sheets of paper. On one of them there is a sample single line and on the other one there are three lines only one of which is same size as the sample line from the first sheet. People taking part in this experiment are instructed to point at lines that are the same length. At first, during the experiment the group is unanimous in their answers and chooses the correct line, but later on the person that sits near to the end of the line in which people taking part in the experiment are sited, selects different answers then the rest of the group. We will write a custom essay sample on Opinions and Social Pressure or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As the experiment continues and the situation repeats, the isolated in selecting different than the majority answers person shows signs of feeling uncomfortable in position of dissenter. What he doesn’t know is that the rest of the group is instructed to give wrong answers while the experiment is conducted. The single individual is placed in the minority while actually giving the correct answers. Subjects of this experiment could act independently or they could go along with majority’s opinion. A prominent percentage yielded. Under the majority pressure people are more likely to accept the misleading information. There are extreme examples of totally independent individuals as well as people who totally agree with the majority almost most of the time and the tendency is highly consistent. After reconstructing the experiment the next question for the scientist to answer is which aspect of influence is more important, the size of majority or its unanimity. It turns out, that the majority size makes a difference only to the point where majority group involves three people. Making the majority any bigger would not influence on the error rate for the answers in the experiment. Breaking up unanimity of the group in given answers has a significant effect. In the experiment it is also noted that the rate of wrong answers depends to a considerable degree on how wrong the majority is. Even with significant difference in length of lines there were still individuals who agree with majority error. For those participating in this experiment almost all declare that independence was preferable to conformity. â€Å"Life in society requires consensus as an indispensable conditions. But consensus, to be productive, requires that each individual contribute independently out of his experience and insight. (†¦) We have found that tendency to conformity in our society so strong that reasonably and well- meaning young people are willing to call white black is a matter of concern† (Salomon E. Asch â€Å"Opinion and Social Pressure† pp. 730). The experiment has proven that we live in times where opinion become very subjective and can be easily modified. Social techniques are wildly used in marketing and sales or even by lobbyist in governmental decision making process. The uncertainty of people own senses, opinion or knowledge can be easily abused. Asch’s experiment implements how people believe in the obvious lies. It’s shows simple ways of influencing perception, judgment and action. Results of this experiment trigger a number of social and scientifically researches like study of Berns G.S. (2005) (Neurobiological Correlates of Social Conformity and Independence During Mental Rotation, Biological Psychiatry, 58(3), pp 245-253), that explains decision making influence on very profound level. It proves that social mechanisms of authority have an effect not only on individual behavior but it also effects brain chemistry. Resources: â€Å"Opinions and S ocial Pressure† / by Solomon E. Asch Berns G. S. (2005) (Neurobiological Correlates of Social Conformity and Independence During Mental Rotation, Biological Psychiatry, 58(3), pp 245-253) Reaction Paragraph: I was very surprised by the results of Asch’s experiment. I always knew that the opinion of the group counts and it’s important to most of us, but would never except that the scale and strength of decision making influence techniques can be so large and effective. Society faces many different forms and techniques of decision making influences that were developed from results of the Asch’s experiment. This techniques share common goals which are to make society to obey and find the best ways to achieve social conformity. On positive side, conformity can be used to create predictability references or to organize a convenient social structure that doesn’t require constant renegotiations. On the negative side, it’s a key to a great power over social behavior and actions. This raise questions over morality and responsibility over the actions that could be caused by manipulations. If the study was conducted on contemporary society the results wouldn’t be much different if not even showing stronger tendency to conformity. Living in the age of social media, mass communication networks and globalization concepts individuals are more pressured to obey, to be a part of events or actions not truly and not only by their free will. The study indicates that in big majority people are followers and they tend to obey authority and follow the opinion of majority. Awareness of how humans tend to obey comes with some tips on how we can protect ourselves from external influence. Cultivating a healthy skepticism and exercising active change in our behavior make us less vulnerable to prospective social experiments.